PR:000001193 PR beta-2 adrenergic receptor GO:0004941 GO beta2-adrenergic receptor activity 1 WIKI increased Increased activity, beta-2 adrenergic receptor Molecular CL:0000255 CL eukaryotic cell AOPWiki 2016-11-29T18:41:28 2017-09-16T10:17:04 Abnormal Cardiac Structure and Function Organ AOPWiki 2023-07-31T00:59:00 2023-07-31T00:59:00 Overstimulation of β2-Receptor, Cardiomyopathy Young Jun Kim BY-SA 2.7 <p>Stimulation of &beta;2-adrenergic receptors, under pathological conditions, can contribute to the development of cardiomyopathy. While &beta;2-receptors normally regulate myocardial contraction through Gs protein signaling, chronic or excessive activation leads to maladaptive changes in the myocardium. Sustained stimulation results in calcium overload, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction, triggering apoptosis and promoting myocardial remodeling, including hypertrophy and fibrosis. Conditions such as stress cardiomyopathy (Takotsubo syndrome) and chronic sympathetic overactivation highlight the detrimental effects of &beta;2-receptor overstimulation. Excessive catecholamine release or overuse of &beta;2-selective agonists further exacerbates myocardial stress, progressing to structural and functional cardiac deterioration. Clinical manifestations include dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic remodeling, and arrhythmias. Although &beta;2-receptor activation is physiologically beneficial in acute settings, prolonged overstimulation can contribute to cardiomyopathy through mechanisms of calcium dysregulation and maladaptive remodeling.</p> <div> <table class="table table-bordered table-fullwidth"> <thead> <tr> <th>Modulating Factor (MF)</th> <th>Influence or Outcome</th> <th>KER(s) involved</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> <td>&nbsp;</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> AOPWiki 2024-11-19T12:40:35 2024-11-22T10:34:11