Relationship: 835
Title
Upstream event
Activation/Proliferation, T-cellsDownstream event
sensitisation, skin
Key Event Relationship Overview
AOPs Referencing Relationship
| AOP Name | Directness | Weight of Evidence | Quantitative Understanding |
|---|---|---|---|
| Covalent Protein binding leading to Skin Sensitisation | directly leads to | Strong |
Taxonomic Applicability
Sex Applicability
Life Stage Applicability
How Does This Key Event Relationship Work
After recognition of a non-self peptide (i.e. foreign) presented by dendritic cells, T-cells are activated and form memory T-cell, which proliferate. If reactivated upon hapten presentation by skin dendritic cells, these memory T-cells will induce allergic contact dermatitis[1]).
This KER description is based only on the OECD document 2012 and needs updating.
Weight of Evidence
Biological Plausibility
It is well known, recognised and experimentally proved that skin sensitisation is a T-cell mediated immune response[1].
Empirical Support for Linkage
Using dinitrofluorobenzene and mice models, it was shown that cutaneous contact with reactive antigen induces KC/CXC chemokine ligand 1 production and neutrophil infiltration in an antigen, dose-dependent manner. The intensity of neutrophil infiltration into cutaneous antigen challenge sites, in turn, controls the number of antigen-primed T cells recruited into the site and the magnitude of immune response elicited[2].
Quantitative Understanding of the Linkage
Evidence Supporting Taxonomic Applicability
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Vocanson M, Hennino A, Rozieres A, Poyet G, Nicolas JF. 2009. Effector and regulatory mechanisms in allergic contact dermatitis. Allergy 64: 1699-1714.
- ↑ Engeman T, Gorbachev AV, Kish DD, Fairchild RL. 2004. The intensity of neutrophil infiltration controls the number of antigen-primed CD8 T cells recruited into cutaneous antigen challenge sites. J. Leukocyte Biol. 76:941-949.