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Event: 1570
Key Event Title
Blocking of IL-1R
Short name
Biological Context
Level of Biological Organization |
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Molecular |
Cell term
Cell term |
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macrophage |
Organ term
Organ term |
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immune system |
Key Event Components
Key Event Overview
AOPs Including This Key Event
Taxonomic Applicability
Life Stages
Life stage | Evidence |
---|---|
All life stages | High |
Sex Applicability
Term | Evidence |
---|---|
Unspecific | High |
Key Event Description
IL-1α and IL-1β independently bind the type I IL-1 receptor (IL-1R1), which is ubiquitously expressed. IL-1Ra binds IL-1R but does not initiate IL-1 signal transduction (Dripps et al., 1991). Recombinant IL-1Ra (anakinra) is fully active in blocking the IL-1R1, and therefore, the biological activities of IL-1α and IL-1β. The binding of IL-1α and IL-1β to IL-1R1 can be suppressed by soluble IL-1R like rilonacept (Kapur and Bonk, 2009). The binding of IL-1β to IL-1R1 can be inhibited by anti-IL-1β antibody (anti-IL-1β antibody)(Church and McDermott, 2009).
How It Is Measured or Detected
- Competitive inhibition binding experiments using 125I-IL-1a to type I IL-1R present on EL4 thymoma cells, 3T3 fibroblasts, hepatocytes, and Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing recombinant mouse type I IL-1R (McIntyre et al., 1991; Shuck et al., 1991).
- Measure the ability of the reagent to neutralize the bioactivity of human IL-1β on primary human fibroblasts in vitro(Alten et al., 2008)
Domain of Applicability
Although sex differences in immune responses are well known (Klein and Flanagan, 2016), there is no reports regarding the sex difference in IL-1 production, IL-1 function or susceptibility to infection as adverse effect of IL-1 blocking agent. Again, age-dependent difference in IL-1 signaling is not known.
The IL1B gene is conserved in chimpanzee, rhesus monkey, dog, cow, mouse, rat, and frog (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/homologene/481), and the Myd88 gene is conserved in human, chimpanzee, rhesus monkey, dog, cow, rat, chicken, zebrafish, mosquito, and frog (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/homologene?Db=homologene&Cmd=Retrieve&list_uids=1849).
These data suggest that the proposed AOP regarding inhibition of IL-1 signaling is not dependent on life stage, sex, age or species.
References
Alten, R., Gram, H., Joosten, L.A., van den Berg, W.B., Sieper, J., Wassenberg, S., Burmester, G., van Riel, P., Diaz-Lorente, M., Bruin, G.J., Woodworth, T.G., Rordorf, C., Batard, Y., Wright, A.M., Jung, T., 2008. The human anti-IL-1 beta monoclonal antibody ACZ885 is effective in joint inflammation models in mice and in a proof-of-concept study in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 10, R67.
Church, L.D., McDermott, M.F., 2009. Canakinumab, a fully-human mAb against IL-1beta for the potential treatment of inflammatory disorders. Curr Opin Mol Ther 11, 81-89.
Dripps, D.J., Brandhuber, B.J., Thompson, R.C., Eisenberg, S.P., 1991. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist binds to the 80-kDa IL-1 receptor but does not initiate IL-1 signal transduction. J Biol Chem 266, 10331-10336.
Kapur, S., Bonk, M.E., 2009. Rilonacept (arcalyst), an interleukin-1 trap for the treatment of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes. P t 34, 138-141.
Klein, S.L., Flanagan, K.L., 2016. Sex differences in immune responses. Nat Rev Immunol 16, 626-638.
McIntyre, K.W., Stepan, G.J., Kolinsky, K.D., Benjamin, W.R., Plocinski, J.M., Kaffka, K.L., Campen, C.A., Chizzonite, R.A., Kilian, P.L., 1991. Inhibition of interleukin 1 (IL-1) binding and bioactivity in vitro and modulation of acute inflammation in vivo by IL-1 receptor antagonist and anti-IL-1 receptor monoclonal antibody. J Exp Med 173, 931-939.
Quartier, P., 2011. Interleukin-1 antagonists in the treatment of autoinflammatory syndromes, including cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome. Open Access Rheumatol 3, 9-18.
Shuck, M.E., Eessalu, T.E., Tracey, D.E., Bienkowski, M.J., 1991. Cloning, heterologous expression and characterization of murine interleukin 1 receptor antagonist protein. Eur J Immunol 21, 2775-2780.