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Event: 1944
Key Event Title
Synaptic dysfunction
Short name
Biological Context
Level of Biological Organization |
---|
Organ |
Organ term
Organ term |
---|
principal neuronal circuit |
Key Event Components
Process | Object | Action |
---|---|---|
decreased neurotransmitter release | CNS neuron (sensu Vertebrata) | decreased |
Key Event Overview
AOPs Including This Key Event
AOP Name | Role of event in AOP | Point of Contact | Author Status | OECD Status |
---|---|---|---|---|
tau-AOP | KeyEvent | Erwin L Roggen (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | |
IGR binding leads to impairment of learning and memory (via loss of drebrin) | KeyEvent | Shihori Tanabe (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | Under Development |
elavl3, sox10, mbp induced neuronal effects | KeyEvent | Donggon Yoo (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite |
Taxonomic Applicability
Term | Scientific Term | Evidence | Link |
---|---|---|---|
Human, rat, mouse | Human, rat, mouse | High | NCBI |
Life Stages
Life stage | Evidence |
---|---|
All life stages | High |
Sex Applicability
Term | Evidence |
---|---|
Unspecific | High |
Key Event Description
Synaptic dysfunction refers to the impairment or disruption of communication between neurons at synapses. It occurs when neurotransmitter release, receptor function, or synaptic structure is altered or damaged, leading to impaired signaling. Such dysfunction can contribute to various neurological and psychiatric conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression, schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorders.
How It Is Measured or Detected
- Electrophysiology (Patch Clamp, Field Potential Recording): Measures neurotransmition efficiency and receptor function by currents recordings. Evaluate synaptic plasticity, such as LTP and LTD
- Microdialysis or HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography): Quantifies neurotransmitter levels directly.
- Western Blot, ELISA: Evaluate proteins expression.
- Immunohistochemistry and imagings : Evaluate expression and locarization for pre- and post synaptic proteins, mitochondrial imaging, infkammation and immune responses using microscopies.
- Behavioral Tests (e.g., Morris Water Maze, Novel Object Recognition): Evaluate cognitive functions related to synaptic plasticity.
- Morphlogical changes: Electron Microscopy (EM): Visualize synaptic ultrastructure. Confocal or Two-photon Microscopy: Observe dendritic spine morphology and density changes. Golgi Staining: Analyze dendritic spine density and morphology.
- MRI, PET EEG
Domain of Applicability
Species applicability includes humans, using clinical assessments like neuroimaging, EEG, and cognitive tests; animal models (e.g., rodents) employing electrophysiological, behavioral, and biochemical assays; and cultured neuronal cells for molecular-level studies. Life-stage applicability covers developmental stages for neurodevelopmental disorders, adulthood for psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, and elderly populations for age-related cognitive decline. Experimental system applicability spans in vitro models for cellular mechanisms, ex vivo brain slices for electrophysiological studies, and in vivo animal models for behavioral and systemic analysis. Disease applicability involves neurological and psychiatric conditions such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, schizophrenia, depression, epilepsy, and autism spectrum disorders. Clearly defining these domains ensures accurate interpretation, facilitates translational research, and supports targeted therapeutic development for various neurological and psychiatric disorders.