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Event: 149
Key Event Title
Increase, Inflammation
Short name
Biological Context
Level of Biological Organization |
---|
Cellular |
Cell term
Cell term |
---|
eukaryotic cell |
Organ term
Key Event Components
Process | Object | Action |
---|---|---|
inflammatory response | increased |
Key Event Overview
AOPs Including This Key Event
AOP Name | Role of event in AOP | Point of Contact | Author Status | OECD Status |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cholestatic Liver Injury induced by Inhibition of the Bile Salt Export Pump (ABCB11) | KeyEvent | Mathieu Vinken (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | Under Development |
Epithelial cytotoxicity- forestomach tumor | KeyEvent | Charles Wood (send email) | Under Development: Contributions and Comments Welcome | |
PPARγ inactivation leading to lung fibrosis | KeyEvent | Jinhee Choi (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | Under Development |
α-diketone-induced bronchiolitis obliterans | KeyEvent | Marvin Martens (send email) | Under development: Not open for comment. Do not cite | |
AhR activation to breast cancer | KeyEvent | Louise Benoit (send email) | Under Development: Contributions and Comments Welcome | Under Development |
Taxonomic Applicability
Term | Scientific Term | Evidence | Link |
---|---|---|---|
Homo sapiens | Homo sapiens | NCBI |
Life Stages
Life stage | Evidence |
---|---|
Adult |
Sex Applicability
Term | Evidence |
---|---|
Female |
Key Event Description
Inflammation is compex to define.
In cancer, is a cascade of events created by the host in response to the spread of the cancer (Coussens). In response to an injury or the presence of cancer, the host heals itself through inflammation. Indeed, the activation and the migration of leukocytes (neutrophils, monocytes and eosinophils) to the wound induces the healing process. These inflammatory cells provide an extracellular matrix that forms upon which fibroblast and endothelial cells proliferate and migrate in order to re create a normal environnement. In cancer, this inflammatory state induces cell proliferation, increases the production of reactive oxygen species leading to oxidative DNA damage, and reduces DNA repair (Coussens)
Damage of the epithelial layer lining the airways initiate inflammatory reactions.
How It Is Measured or Detected
- Activation of the innate immune response and the release of various inflammatory cytokines (Flake and Morgan, 2017).
- Cytokines dosage
- Chemokine dosage
- Metalloprotesae
Domain of Applicability
Breast cancer cell lines
References
Flake, G. P., & Morgan, D. L. (2017). Pathology of diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione airway lesions in a rat model of obliterative bronchiolitis. Toxicology, 388, 40–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2016.10.013
Palmer, S. M., Flake, G. P., Kelly, F. L., Zhang, H. L., Nugent, J. L., Kirby, P. J., … Morgan, D. L. (2011). Severe airway epithelial injury, aberrant repair and Bronchiolitis obliterans develops after diacetyl instillation in rats. PLoS ONE, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017644
Coussens LM, Werb Z. Inflammation and cancer. Nature. 2002 Dec 19-26;420(6917):860-7. doi: 10.1038/nature01322. PMID: 12490959; PMCID: PMC2803035.